i have set up a pmmp minecraft server and port forwarded and putted a domain name on it. but i can connect via my home network via the domain name, but my friend can't. does someone know why --server is running on a old optiplex computer with ubuntu 20.0
Then it is clearly not port forwarded. I hope that you didn't just edit hosts file in your operating system. Did your friend tried connecting with your external ipv4 address?